Search results for "Scale invariance"

showing 10 items of 29 documents

Estimation of sub-hourly DDF curves using scaling properties of hourly and sub-hourly data at partially gauged site

2005

Abstract In urban drainage systems, knowledge of short-duration rainfall events can be considered as one of the most critical elements when their hydrological behaviour wants to be investigated. The temporal resolution of rainfall data usually available for practical applications is often lower than the data requested for the design procedures or mathematical models application, greatly affecting their reliability. Moreover, when high resolution rain gauges are available in the catchment, the registration period cannot be sufficiently long for obtaining practically usable statistical analyses. The present study proposes a method for estimating the distribution of sub-hourly extreme rainfall…

Atmospheric ScienceMeteorologyRain gaugeMathematical modelTemporal resolutionRange (statistics)Environmental scienceStatistical modelScale invarianceExtreme value theoryScaling
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Shift-and-scale-invariant pattern recognition using an elliptic coordinate-transformed phase-only filter

1992

A shift-and-scale-invariant elliptic coordinate-transformed phase-only filter in proposed. The filter is built in three steps: the complex conjugate of a basic-size target spectrum is calculated, its phase-only part is taken, and then the elliptic coordinate transformation is made. In the extreme case the scale ratio of recognizable objects equals 1:1.5, permitting good recognition of object sizes S within the range 0.83/= S/= 1.25. Discrimination abilities and relative Horner efficiencies of a few versions of the filter are calculated.

Complex conjugateSpatial filterbusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Mathematical analysisCoordinate systemPhase (waves)Scale invarianceIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringsymbols.namesakeOpticsFourier transformFilter (video)symbolsElliptic filterBusiness and International ManagementbusinessMathematicsApplied Optics
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Shift and scale-invariant correlator using a radially stretched phase-only filter

1995

A radial stretching of the phase only filter depending on the energy angular distribution of the target spectrum is used to perform shift and scale invariant pattern recognition. The complex conjugate of a basic size target Fourier transform and the cumulative energy angular distribution are calculated. Then the radially stretched filter providing the same energy contribution to the correlation peak independent on the target size is prepared and used in a conventional correlator, with spherical-wave illumination. The maximum scale ratio of recognizable objects equals 1:1.5. Computer simulations and experimental results, showing the performance of the filter are presented.

Complex conjugatebusiness.industryPhase (waves)Scale invarianceComputational physicssymbols.namesakeOpticsFourier transformFilter (video)Optical correlatorsymbolsbusinessOptical filterEnergy (signal processing)MathematicsSPIE Proceedings
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Phase Fourier vector model for scale invariant three-dimensional image detection.

2009

A scale invariant 3D object detection method based on phase Fourier transform (PhFT) is addressed. Three-dimensionality is expressed in terms of range images. The PhFT of a range image gives information about the orientations of the surfaces in the 3D object. When the object is scaled, the PhFT becomes a distribution multiplied by a constant factor which is related to the scale factor. Then 3D scale invariant detection can be solved as illumination invariant detection process. Several correlation operations based on vector space representation are applied. Results show the tolerance of detection method to scale besides discrimination against false objects.

Computer sciencebusiness.industryImage detectionScale invarianceAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsObject detectionCorrelationConstant factorsymbols.namesakeOpticsFourier transformsymbolsVector space representationInvariant (mathematics)businessAlgorithmOptics express
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Extended scale-invariant pattern recognition with white-light illumination.

2000

A previous method of obtaining scale-invariance detection with white-light illumination has been improved on. We were able to detect different scaled versions of the target up to a magnification factor equal to 2. We simultaneously detected several versions in the same scene, because each scale factor is codified in a different wavelength. Experimental results demonstrate the proposed technique and show the utility of the method.

Computer sciencebusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)MagnificationPattern recognitionImage processingScale invarianceScale factorElectromagnetic radiationIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringWavelengthOpticsPattern recognition (psychology)White lightArtificial intelligenceBusiness and International ManagementbusinessApplied optics
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Real filter based on Mellin radial harmonics for scale-invariant pattern recognition.

1994

Several theoretical and experimental studies are developed in order to simplify the construction of filters based on Mellin radial harmonics (MRH) for scale-invariant pattern recognition. A real filter based on MRH is designed. The impulse response of the filter is a hermitic function, obtained by a suitable modification of a MRH component. This real filter has the same scale invariance as the conventional complex MRH filters, with the main advantage of its simplicity. Both computer simulations and optical experiments are presented.

Computer sciencebusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Pattern recognitionFunction (mathematics)Scale invarianceIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringsymbols.namesakeFourier transformFilter (video)HarmonicsPattern recognition (psychology)symbolsArtificial intelligenceBusiness and International ManagementbusinessFrequency modulationImpulse responseApplied optics
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Method for determining the proper expansion center and order for Mellin radial harmonic filters

1993

Abstract A method to improve the behaviour of the Mellin radial harmonic (MRH) filters in scale invariant pattern recognition is presented. An algorithm has been introduced to obtain the proper expansion center and order of the MRH development of any object. The procedure consists of the suspression of the non-discriminant uniform background in the energy function of the target. Computer simulations are presented.

Computer sciencebusiness.industryOrder (ring theory)Function (mathematics)Center (group theory)Scale invarianceAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOpticsPattern recognition (psychology)HarmonicDevelopment (differential geometry)Electrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessEnergy (signal processing)Optics Communications
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Islands of biogeodiversity in arid lands on a polygons map study: Detecting scale invariance patterns from natural resources maps.

2016

Many maps (geology, hydrology, soil, vegetation, etc.) are created to inventory natural resources. Each of these resources is mapped using a unique set of criteria, including scales and taxonomies. Past research indicates that comparing results of related maps (e.g., soil and geology maps) may aid in identifying mapping deficiencies. Therefore, this study was undertaken in Almeria Province, Spain to (i) compare the underlying map structures of soil and vegetation maps and (ii) investigate if a vegetation map can provide useful soil information that was not shown on a soil map. Soil and vegetation maps were imported into ArcGIS 10.1 for spatial analysis, and results then exported to Microsof…

Environmental EngineeringSpatial pattern analysisBiodiversityGeographic Mapping010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesScale invarianceSoilNatural ResourcesEnvironmental ChemistryGeologíaEarth critical zoneWaste Management and DisposalArid lands0105 earth and related environmental sciences2. Zero hungerHydrologySoil mapInformáticaEphemeral keyVegetation maps04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesVegetationBiodiversity15. Life on landPlantsPollutionAridPower lawsGeographySpainDigital soil mappingSoil water040103 agronomy & agriculture0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesRank abundance curvePhysical geographySoil mapsDesert ClimateThe Science of the total environment
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Spacetime correlators of perturbations in slow-roll de Sitter inflation

2014

Two-point correlators and self-correlators of primordial perturbations in quasi-de Sitter spacetime backgrounds are considered. For large separations two-point correlators exhibit nearly scale invariance, while for short distances self-correlators need standard renormalization. We study the deformation of two-point correlators to smoothly match the self-correlators at coincidence. The corresponding angular power spectrum is evaluated in the Sachs-Wolfe regime of low multipoles. Scale invariance is maintained, but the amplitude of $C_{\ell}$ could change in a non-trivial way.

High Energy Physics - TheoryPhysicsInflation (cosmology)Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Quantum field theory in curved spacetimeSpacetimeSlow rollFOS: Physical sciencesSpectral densityFísicaGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Scale invarianceGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyRenormalizationHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)De Sitter universeQuantum mechanicsAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic AstrophysicsMathematical physics
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Electric-magnetic duality and renormalization in curved spacetimes

2014

We point out that the duality symmetry of free electromagnetism does not hold in the quantum theory if an arbitrary classical gravitational background is present. The symmetry breaks in the process of renormalization, as also happens with conformal invariance. We show that a similar duality-anomaly appears for a massless scalar field in $1+1$ dimensions.

High Energy Physics - TheoryPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsQuantum field theory in curved spacetimeScalar field theoryConformal field theoryFísicaFOS: Physical sciencesDuality (optimization)General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Scale invariance16. Peace & justiceGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyRenormalizationGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Conformal symmetryQuantum mechanicsScalar fieldMathematical physicsPhysical Review D
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